1. Ishingiro ry'igicuruzwa
Igikoresho ca mbere c’i Graphite y’umubumbe ni igikoresho nyamukuru c’ishimikiro gikozwe muri graphite kavukire nk’igikoresho ca mbere c’intango, gikoreshwa biciye mu nzira nyamukuru nk’ugusukura umubiri no gutoranya neza. Agaciro kayo nyamukuru kari mu kugumya imiterere yihariye y’ibipande vy’amabuye y’agaciro yitwa graphite, mu gihe ifise ubushobozi bwo gutwara umuyagankuba n’ubushuhe bwiza cane, n’ibindi bintu vy’umubiri n’ivy’imiti. Nk’igikoresho nyamukuru co gutegura graphite y’umubumbe, ni ihuriro ry’ingenzi hagati y’ubutunzi bwa graphite kamere n’ibikoresho vy’agaciro kanini nk’amabateri ya litiyumu n’ibikoresho bijana umuyagankuba. Ishobora gutanga infashanyo nyamukuru ku gutuma ibikorwa vy’ibikoresho vy’ibara ry’agahama bikora neza, bikaba bituma ibikorwa vy’iherezo biguma bimeze neza kandi bikaba bikora neza.
2. Ivyagezwe vy'ubuhinga
|
Ibimenyetso vy'ubuhinga |
Ishami |
Uburebure busanzwe |
Ubuyobozi |
|
Ibirimwo Carbon idahinduka |
% |
90.0-99.9 |
Ivyerekana ubusuku bw’ishimikiro bishirwa mu nzego zitandukanye bishingiye ku bisabwa vyo gukoresha mu rwego rwo hasi (nk’ibice 95%, 99%, 99.9%, n’ibindi), aho ubusuku burengeye bubereye cane ku bihe vy’iherezo ry’imbere (nk’ubusuku burengeye bubereye umurima wa litiyumu-ion) |
|
Ingano y'umunzane |
mm |
0.15-0.8 |
Gushigikira guhindura ubunini bw’ibice bitandukanye bishingiye ku vyipfuzo vy’abaguzi, n’ibisobanuro rusangi harimwo 0.15-0.3mm, 0.3-0.5mm, na 0.5-0.8mm. Ingano zitandukanye zihuye n'ubuhinga butandukanye bwo gutunganya |
|
Ivu ry'ibirimwo |
% |
Muto canke bingana na 0,5-5,0. |
Hariho isano ribi hagati y’ibirimwo carbone idahinduka n’ibirimwo ivu. Uko carbone idahinduka igenda iragwira, ni ko n’ivu rigabanuka. Ivu rito rishobora kugabanya ingaruka mbi ku bikorwa vy'ibicuruzwa |
|
Ibirimwo ubukonje |
% |
Muto canke bingana na 0,5. |
Ibimenyetso nyamukuru vy’ugushikama kw’ububiko, kugenzura ubukonje burimwo birashobora kwirinda guteranya ibintu canke kwononekara mu gihe co kubika, gutuma ibintu bigenda neza |
|
Ibirimwo bishobora guhinduka |
% |
Muto canke bingana na 1.0 |
Yerekeza ku birimwo ibintu bishobora guhungabana biri mu kintu mu bihe bimwebimwe vy’ubushuhe. Ibintu bishobora guhinduka birenze urugero bishobora gutuma ibikorwa biguma bimeze neza kandi bikeneye kugenzurwa cane . |
|
Agaciro ka pH |
- |
6.0-8.0 |
Ico kintu cose ntikigira aho kigarukira canke kikaba gifise ubugoyagoye buke, ivyo bikaba bishobora kugabanya ukubora kw’ibikoresho vyo gutunganya no kwirinda guhungabanya imiterere y’imiti y’ibintu biva mu mazi . |
|
Ibirimwo ikibiriti |
% |
Muto canke bingana na 0.05 |
Ivyerekana ubuhumane bushobora gutera ingorane bihambaye, cane cane ivyo bifise ingaruka zikomeye ku bijanye n’ugutwara amagare n’ugutwara umuriro kw’ibikoresho vy’amabateri ya litiyumu, bisaba ko habaho imipaka ikomeye yo hejuru . |
|
Ibirimwo n'icuma |
% |
Muto canke bingana na 0.02 |
Ivyerekana ubuhumane bushobora gutera ingorane, ivyuma birenze urugero bishobora gutuma ubushobozi bwo gutwara umuriro bugabanuka be n’ubuzima bw’ibintu biva mu mazi bugabanuka, bisaba ko umuntu agenzura neza ibirimwo |
3.Ibirango vy'igicuruzwa
Ibiranga imiterere y'umubiri: Igishushanyo cose gisanzwe mu buryo bw’ibipande canke ibice, bifise umurongo uva kuri 0.15-0.8mm. Igitutu ni gito cane, kandi kigaragara ni nk’ifeza canke imvi yirabura ifise ibara ry’icuma. Ivyuma bipakira biri ku rugero ruringaniye. Ico kiranga imiterere y’umubiri kirabereye ku ntambwe zikurikira zo gutunganya nk’ugumenagura no guhindura umubiri nk’umupira, bikagabanya ingorane z’ugutunganya.
Inyungu nini y'ubusuku -: Biciye mu buryo buteye imbere bwo gusukura, igitigiri c’umuyagankuba gihoraho c’ico kintu gishobora gushika ku bice birenga 90%-99,9%, kandi igitigiri c’ivu gihuye n’ico gicuruzwa ni gito cane (kenshi na kenshi kikaba kiri munsi canke kingana na 0,5%-5%, hakaba hariho agaciro kadasanzwe gahinduwe hakurikijwe urugero rw’ubusuku). Ikindi, ibirimwo ibintu bihumanye nka silikoni, aluminiyumu, n’icuma biragenzurwa cane ku rugero ruto, ivyo bikaba bishobora gutuma habaho ingorane zo guhungabanya ibikorwa mu bikorwa vyo guhingura ibintu biva hasi no gutuma ibintu biheza bimera neza.
Ibintu vyiza cane kandi bishikamye vy'umubiri n'ivy'imiti: Irangwa n’uburemere bwinshi bw’amabuye y’agaciro, ukudafatanya kw’ibice hagati y’ibice, n’ugunyerera kworoshe hagati y’ibice, bikaba bituma umuntu ashobora gukora neza no kubihingura; Muri ico gihe nyene, irafise ubushobozi bwo gutwara umuyagankuba n’ubushobozi bwo gutwara ubushuhe, kandi irafise ubushobozi bwo guhagarara neza mu bidukikije bikomeye nk’ubushuhe bwinshi, aside n’amazi, bikaba bigoye gushikirwa n’imiti, bishobora gutuma ibintu bikurikira bikora neza igihe kirekire- kandi bikamara igihe kirekire.
Ugutunganya kwagutse: Ubuhinga bwihariye bw’urugero buratuma vyoroha guhingura ibice vy’umubumbe bisanzwe mu gihe c’ugumenagura no guhindura umubumbe. Inyuma yo guhingura, igikoresho gifise uburemere bwinshi bw’umubumbe n’uburebure bugororotse, bushobora guhura n’ivyo guhingura bikenewe mu guhingura ibintu bitandukanye vy’umubumbe w’umubumbe. Ishobora kandi guhindurwa bivanye n’imirongo ngenderwako y’ugutunganya kugira ngo ihure n’ibintu bitandukanye vyo guhingura.
4. Ikoreshwa ry'igicuruzwa
Ibikoresho nyamukuru vy'amabateri ya litiyumu: Aho ni ho ahantu nyamukuru iki gikoresho gikoreshwa. Inyuma y’urutonde rw’ibikorwa nk’ugumenagura, guhindura umubumbe, gupfuka, no guhindura umubumbe, birashobora guhindurwa graphite y’umubumbe, ishobora gukoreshwa nk’ikintu c’amashanyarazi y’amabateri ya litiyumu-ion. Ikoreshwa cane mu ma bateri y’amashanyarazi (abereye imodoka nshasha zikoresha inguvu), amabateri y’ububiko bw’inguvu (akoreshwa mu bikoresho vy’ububiko bw’inguvu, ububiko bw’inguvu bwo mu nzu, n’ibindi), no mu mabateri y’abaguzi (nk’amabateri ya telefone ngendanwa, laptop, tablette n’ibindi bikoresho). Ishobora gutanga ubushobozi bwinshi bwihariye, ubuzima buramba bw’ingendo, n’ubushobozi bwiza bwo gushaja no gukuraho amabateri, kandi igafasha guteza imbere inganda y’amabateri ya litiyumu-ion.
Ivyuzuza vy'ingenzi mu bijanye n'ibikoresho bijana umuyagankuba: Bishobora kwongerwa nk’ibintu vyuzuza umuriro ku bikoresho vy’ishimikiro nk’amapulasitike, imipira, n’ibintu bipfutse kugira ngo bitegure ibikoresho vy’ibihimba vy’umubiri bishobora gutwara umuriro, ivyo bikaba bikoreshwa ku bikoresho vy’ubuhinga bwa none (kugira ngo vyongere ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’ibintu bishobora guhagarara), ibikoresho vyo gupfunyika bishobora guhagarara (kugira ngo ntivyonone ibikoresho vyo mu mutima (kugira ngo ntivyononekare). ibikoresho vy’ubuhinga bwa none, ibikoresho vyo gutanga amashanyarazi n’ivyo guhindura amashanyarazi, n’ibindi), bikaba bituma ibikoresho bishobora gutwara amashanyarazi neza kandi bikagabanya ingorane ziterwa n’amashanyarazi adahinduka.
Igice gihambaye c'inganda y'ibikoresho bishobora gusha: Kubera ko ishobora guhangana n’ubushuhe bwinshi cane no guhangana n’ugusenyuka kw’ibisigazwa, irashobora gukoreshwa mu guhingura amatafari adashobora gusha (akoreshwa mu gupfuka ivyuma n’ivyuma), ivyuma bishobora guhangana n’ivyuma (bikoreshwa mu kurinda ibice vy’ibikoresho vy’inganda bifise ubushuhe bwinshi), ibikoresho vyo gukoresha mu guhingura ivyuma (bikoreshwa mu gukingira ibindi bikoresho vy’ivyuma). Ishobora gutuma ubuzima bw’ibikorwa n’ubushuhe bwinshi bw’ibikoresho bishobora guhangana n’ubushuhe butera imbere cane, bikaba bituma habaho ubushuhe bwinshi-bw’ibikorwa vy’inganda.
Ibindi bikoresho bikora vyinshi: Spherical Graphite Raw Material ishobora kandi gukoreshwa mu gutera amavuta (kugabanya umuvuduko w’imitsi biciye mu guterera hagati y’ibice, bibereye gutera amavuta y’ibice vy’ubuhinga), ibikoresho vyo gukingira (bikoreshwa mu gukingira imiyoboro n’ibikoresho bifatanya n’ubushobozi bwiza bwo gukingira), ibikoresho vyo gukingira (gutuma ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’ibintu bigenda neza, bikoreshwa mu gukingira imodoka) igicuruzwa gikora biciye mu mikorere yaco bwite
Imisoro ishushe: ibikoresho vya mbere vy'umubumbe, Ubushinwa abahinguzi b'ibikoresho vya graphite vy'umubumbe
