Ivyo gupakira, nk’ibikoresho vy’ugushirwako ivyuma vy’ubuhinga bwa none, bikoreshwa cane mu bikorwa vy’imiti, peteroli, amashanyarazi, n’ubuhinga bwo gukora imashini. Ni vyiza cane -Uburebure n’ubushobozi bwo gukora, hamwe n’imiterere yayo y’ukwiyigira - kugira ngo bibe igice c’ingenzi mu buryo bwo gutanga ikimenyetso c’inganda. Ariko rero, gukoresha nabi birashobora gutuma ikidodo kidakora neza, mbere n’ugusohoka kw’ibikoresho. Ku bw’ivyo, kumenya neza ubuhinga bubereye bwo gukoresha ubuhinga bwa graphite ni ikintu gihambaye cane.
1. Guhitamwo no kwakira imvuto
Igihe uhisemwo gupakira ivyuma, birahambaye kumenya ubwoko bukwiye bushingiye ku mibereho yihariye y’ibikorwa (nk’ubushuhe, umukazo, n’uguhungabana kw’ibinyamakuru). Ubwoko rusangi bwo gupakira ibishushanyo birimwo graphite yagutse n’ibara ry’umubiri ry’umubiri (nk’ibara ry’ibara ry’agahama, ivyuma canke polytetrafluoroethylene). Ku rugero rwo hejuru- Uburyo bwo gupima n’uburebure bw’ibintu - ibidukikije, hejuru- amafaranga yagutse y’ivyuma canke ivyuma- ni vyiza kugira ngo haboneke inkomezi zaco z’ubuhinga n’ubushobozi bwaco bwo guca.
Ivyo gupakira imyambaro bikwiye gutegurwa neza imbere y’uko bikoreshwa. Ica mbere, nusuzume ubutungane bw’ugupakira kugira ngo ntihagire ikintu kimenetse canke ubuhumane. Ica kabiri, nimba ugupakira ziri mu buryo bw’uruzitiro canke mu buryo bw’uruzitiro, bitegerezwa guca ku burebure bukwiye bushingiye ku bipimo vy’umwobo w’ugufunga, kugira ngo imirongo y’ugutakazwa ibe nziza kugira ngo ntihagire amaboko ashobora kugira ico akoze ku ngaruka zo gudoga. Ku bijanye n’ugupakira ivyuma vy’ibara ry’agahama, urabe ko igice c’umubiri gipfutse kitariko kirasenyuka canke cononekaye. Niba ari ngombwa, ugusukura umuco birashobora gukorwa kugira ngo bibe vyiza.
2. Ivy'ubuhinga bwo gupakira n'ugucungera Ibikorwa
Uburyo bwo gupakira ivyuma vy’ibara ry’agahama buragira ico bukoze ku bijanye n’ugukora. Mu gihe c'ugupakira, ingingo ngenderwako y'"ugushushanya kw'ibara ry'umubiri", hakwiye gukurikizwa, kwuzuza uruzitiro rw'ikidodo kimwe ku gihe. Kumenya neza ko imirongo y’uruziga imwe imwe icitse intege 90℃-120℃kugira ngo ibe inzitizi iguma ipfutse. Ni vyiza gukoresha igikoresho c’ugupakira canke co gukanda kugira ngo ntihagire ikintu co gufatanya n’amaboko, ivyo bikaba bishobora gutuma habaho uguhinduka kw’ibintu bitari vyo.
Compotion ni ikintu gihambaye cane co gupakira igishushanyo. Ugukomera cane birashobora gutuma umuntu akomeza gupakira, akarushirizaho, eka mbere no kwonona uruhande rw’aho ruhagaze; ugukomera guhagije birashobora gutuma umuntu asohoka mu buryo bworoshe. Muri rusangi, ugufatanya kw’ugupakira kwa mbere gukwiye kugenzurwa ku 15%-30% vy’ugukuraho umurongo, kandi ugupakira gukwiye guhindurwa buhoro buhoro ku rugero rwiza hakoreshejwe igihimba c’umubiri. Mu bimenyetso vy’inguvu (nk’ivyo biri ku nzira zizunguruka canke inkoni zo gusubiramwo), zigakomeza umutsi w’imbere incuro nyinshi. Inyuma y’ugukomeza, nukoreshe ibikoresho no kwihweza ukuvuza gushika ikidodo gihamye gishitsweko.
3. Ibikorwa, Gucungera, n'Ugutembagaza
Gushiramwo ibishushanyo bishobora gutuma umuntu agira amazi make mu gihe c’ugukora. Ivyo ni ibisanzwe kandi akenshi bishobora gukurwaho mu gukomeza buhoro buhoro igihimba c’umubiri. Ariko rero, iyo amazi asohoka aguma canke akarushiriza kuba nabi, ibibazo bikurikira bikwiye gutohozwa:
1.Gland irengera canke igoramye: Koresha umuvuduko w’umuvuduko kugira ngo ugereranye inguvu z’ugukomera kw’ivyuma kugira ngo ntihagire umubabaro w’umubabaro wo mu karere.
2.Inyungu y’ugupakira canke gusaza: Inyuma y’igihe kirekire - igihe c’igihe, gupakira graphite bishobora kunanirwa kubera ugushikana canke gusenyuka kw’imiti kandi bisaba gusubirizwa ubudasiba.
3.Media bihuye: Iyo umuti wo gukingira urimwo ibintu bikomeye (nk’ibipfukisho canke umusenyi), ni vyiza gukoresha graphite y’ivyuma vy’ivyuma bita carbone- y’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma canke ivy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma.
Mu gihe c’ugutunganya ibintu mu buryo busanzwe, uhora usuzuma uburyo bwo gukingira kugira ngo ubushuhe, ukunyiganyiga be n’ugusohoka. Iyo agasandugu k’ibintu k’ivyuma kabonetse ko ari ugushuha cane (kenshi bivuye ku guhanagura birenze urugero), ingero z’amavuta zibereye zirashobora gukoreshwa (nk’ugutera amavuta makeyi ya silikoni) canke hakoreshejwe PTFE{1}}iripregned ipaki kugira ngo igabanye igiharuro c’ibara ry’agahama.
4. Impanuro z'Ibikorwa vy'Ivyagezwe Bidasanzwe
Gupakira ibishushanyo bisaba ko umuntu yiyubara cane iyo akoreshwa mu bihe bikomeye cane (nk’ubushuhe burengeye - ubushuhe bwinshi, ibidukikije bishobora gusenyuka cane, canke ibidukikije vy’imishwarara y’imishwarara):
•Ultra-high temperature environments (>600℃): Koresha hejuru-Ivyiyumviro vyagutse vy’ivyuma canke ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ibara ry’agahama - ivy’ugupakira, hanyuma ushiremwo imiterere y’ugukonjesha.
•Ku bimenyeshamakuru bishobora gutera cane (nk’aside ikomeye n’ishimikiro): Gupakira Graphite bishizweko PTFE canke igipfukisho c’umubiri ni vyo vyiza cane kugira ngo umuntu ashobore guhangana n’imiti.
•For high-pressure sealing (>30 MPa): Koresha benshi - gushiramwo - Gushiramwo ivyuma bipfutse n'ivyuma vy'ivyuma vy'ivyuma vy'imbere.
Iciyumviro
Gushiramwo ibishushanyo bifise akamaro kanini, ariko ubushobozi bwavyo buvana cane n’ugukora neza no kwitaho neza. Biciye mu guhitamwo mu vya siyansi, kwuzuza mu buryo bubereye, gukomera neza, no kwitaho ubudasiba, ubuzima bw’ikidodo burashobora kwaguka cane kandi gukoresha ibikoresho birashobora gukurikizwa ata nkomanzi. Mu bikorwa vy’ubuhinga, birakenewe ko umuntu afatanya ibintu vyihariye vyo gukora no kuganira n’abahinga mu bijanye n’ibikoresho canke abahinga mu bijanye no gukingira ibintu igihe bikenewe kugira ngo bashobore gukoresha neza ivyuma vy’ibara ry’agahama.
