Ivyo bikoresho vy’ugusukura ibishushanyo ni ibikoresho bikora bigizwe na graphite nk’ibintu nyamukuru kandi bifatanye n’ibindi bihimba vy’umubiri. Bikoreshwa cane mu gukingira, gutera amavuta, ubushobozi bwo gutwara umuyagankuba, no guhangana n’ugusenyuka. Ibikorwa vyavyo nyamukuru biva ahanini ku mibumbe n’igipimo c’ibihimba vyavyo nyamukuru, cane cane uburyo bw’igishushanyo ubwabwo be n’ivyongerako.
Graphite: Igitabo nyamukuru c'ibikoresho vy'ubuhinga
Graphite ni co gice nyamukuru c’ibintu vy’ugushiramwo ivy’ibara, mu bisanzwe birimwo 60% gushika kuri 95% vy’imiterere yose, n’igice kidasanzwe bivanye n’ibisabwa vyo gukoresha. Igishushanyo c’ibidukikije n’ivy’ubuhinga gishobora gukoreshwa nk’ibikoresho vya mbere, ariko imiterere yavyo n’imiterere yavyo biratandukanye. Igishushanyo c’umubiri (nk’igishushanyo c’ibara) gifise imiterere y’amabuye y’agaciro ifise imigenderanire igoyagoya, ivyo bikaba bituma vyoroha gusenyura, bikaba bituma umuntu agira - Umubare. Mu buryo butandukanye n’ubwo, graphite y’ivy’ubuhinga (nk’iyirengeye - Igishushanyo c’amavuta ya peteroli y’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma) ni muri rusangi kandi ifise ivy’ubuhumane buke, ivyo bikaba bituma ibereye ibikorwa bisaba ko habaho ugushikama gukomeye kw’imiti.
Ivyiza vya Graphite vyiza cane bituma iba ikintu nyamukuru:
1.
Ukwigira - Guhindura: Imirongo y’Ivyiyumviro iranyerera bitagoranye hagati ya imwe, igabanura ukwambara mu gihe c’ugushikana kwumye canke munsi ya - Guhindura amavuta.
2.
Ugushikama kw’ubushuhe bwinshi: Graphite ishobora gukora neza gushika ku 450℃mu kirere mbere n’iyirenga 3000 y’amazi.
3.
Ivyiyumviro vy’imiti: Graphite yerekana uburyo bwiza bwo guhangana n’ibintu vyinshi vy’imiti, uretse aside zikomeye z’ivyuma (nk’aside nitric na aside y’ikibiriti).
4.
Ubushobozi: Graphite irafise ubuhinga bwiza cane bwo gutwara ibintu, ivyo bikaba bituma ibereye gukoresha ubuhinga bwo kuyobora canke gukoresha imiti igabanya ububabare.
Ibikoresho vy'ubudandaji: Urufunguzo rwo guteza imbere Ibikorwa vyose
Naho graphite ari co gice nyamukuru, ibikoresho vy’ugushiramwo graphite bisukuye akenshi biragerageza gushitsa ivyo umuntu asaba bikomeye. Ku bw’ivyo, ibirungo vy’inyongera akenshi vyongerwako kugira ngo bibe vyiza. Ibirungo vy'inyongera birimwo:
1. Ivyuma (nk’ibisebe, imipira canke ivyuma vy’ivyuma)
Ivyo bikoresho bituma inkomezi n’ubushobozi bw’ibikoresho vy’ubuhinga bwa none bikomera, ivyo bikaba bituma bibereye ubuhinga butandukanye bwo gukora (nk’ugubumbabumba, gusohoka canke gutera imbere). Nk'akarorero:
• Ivyuma bifatanya (nk’ivyo bihimba vy’umubiri n’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma): Birongera ubushobozi bwo kwuzuza n’ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’imiti, ivyo bikaba bituma bibereye ko umuntu ahagarika guhagarara.
• Ivyuma bifatanya (nk’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma n’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma): Uguhinduranya uguhinduranya n’ugukora neza, bibereye gusubirana canke guzunguruka ibipfukisho.
• Ivyuma vy’ivyuma (nk’ivyo bita zinc oxide n’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma): Guteza imbere ubushobozi bwo gutwara ubushuhe n’ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’ubushuhe bwinshi.
2. Gukomeza intsinga (nk’insinga za carbone, intsinga z’ibirahuri, n’insinga z’ibara ry’agahama):
Kugira ngo inkomezi n’ugushoka kw’ibikoresho vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ibara ry’agahama bikongerako, akenshi bikongerako intsinga. Nk'akarorero:
• Insinga y’ikarita: Ifatanya inkomezi nyinshi n’uburemere burengeye- ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’ubushuhe, ibereye ku rugero rwo hejuru- Uburyo bwo gutera imbere n’uburebure bw’ikirere.
• Insinga y’ibara ry’agahama: Igiciro gitoyi kandi kigatuma iyo ntungamubiri ishobora guhangana n’amarira.
• Aramid fible: Itanga ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’ibintu vyinshi cane n’inkomezi zikomeye, ibereye ku mibereho myinshi cane.
3. Amabarabara meza cane (nk’Ivyiyumviro vya Molybdenum n’ivy’i Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE))
Mu bikorwa bimwe bimwe vy'agaciro kanini- umuzigo canke munsi ya -Inyuma y'ibikorwa, graphite ishobora kutatanga amavuta ahagije, rero ibindi bikoresho bikomeye vyongerwako:
• Dilfide ya Molybdenum (MoS): Ibikorwa vyiza cane mu gihe c’ubushuhe bwinshi n’imitwaro myinshi, akenshi ikoreshwa hamwe n’ibara ry’umubiri.
• Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE): Ifise umubare muto cane w’ugushikana kandi ni mwiza ku bikorwa vyo gukingira bisaba ko umuntu apfa.
Ihindura ry'Ivyiyumviro bidasanzwe
Ivyo bihimba vy'umubiri bishobora guhuzwa kugira ngo bihure n'ibikorwa bitandukanye:
• Gutera imbuto- Impumuro y’Inguvu zidashobora gusubira inyuma: Amafuti y’imburamumaro nk’anickel n’ifeza yongerewe kugira ngo aside n’a alkali ishobora guhangana n’aside.
• Ivyuma vy’ubuhinga bwo gutwara ibintu: Ubushobozi bw’ibinyogomba buragwira kandi ifu y’umuringa canke nanotubes zongeweko kugira ngo zitere imbere.
• High-Purity Graphite Fillers: High-purity (>99 ).
Ivyo bikoresho vy’ubuhinga bwa none bigizwe ahanini n’ivyo bita graphite, bifise ubushobozi bwo gukora neza biciye mu guhuza ibikoresho vy’agaciro nk’ibifatanya, bikomeza intsinga, n’ibintu bikomeye vy’amavuta. Ivyo bikaba bivana n’ubwoko bwa graphite (natural canke scrotique), ubusuku bwayo, n’uguhitamwo ibihimba vy’umubiri. Kubera ko ubuhinga bw’inganda butera imbere, igice c’ibikoresho vy’ubuhinga bwa none kizoba mbere gitunganijwe neza kugira ngo gishobore gushitsa ibisabwa bikomeye vy’indege, inguvu n’ubuhinga bw’imiti, n’ibikoresho vyinshi -.
