- Ivyuma bifise amabara abiri (graphite) ni vyo bihimba nyamukuru vy’imiterere y’ibirundo vy’amavuta y’iyidrojeni, bikaba bifise ibice birenga 60% vy’uburemere bw’ibirundo, ibice birenga 80% vy’uburemere, na 30-40% vy’igiciro. Si gusa igipande co gutandukanya igice ca bateri, ariko kandi n’igipande c’ibarabara ry’amazi n’igipande c’ugukoranya amashanyarazi, bijejwe ibikorwa vyinshi nk’ugukwiragiza imyuka y’ugusubiza, gukoranya amashanyarazi y’ugutwara, ubushuhe n’ugukura amazi, n’ugufasha mu buryo bw’ubuhinga.
- Ni kuki wokoresha graphite aho gukoresha ivyuma? Igikoresho c’ibikoresho vy’amavuta ni ikidasanzwe - hariho ivyuma bihindura amaprotone bifise aside (ivyuma bihindura amaprotone), ubukonje bwinshi, n’ikirere gihinduka c’ivyuma (redox) imbere. Ivyuma bifise amabara abiri birashobora gusenyuka muri ivyo bidukikije, kandi ivyo biva mu gusenyuka birashobora kwanduza igikoresho gitera umuriro, ivyo bikaba bituma ubushobozi bwa bateri bugabanuka. Ivyuma bifise amabara abiri vyitwa graphite birafise ubushobozi bukomeye bwo guhangana n’imiti, bishobora guhangana n’ivyuma, bishobora gutwara neza umuyagankuba, kandi birafise uburemere buke, ivyo bikaba bituma ari vyo bikoreshwa cane mu bikoresho vy’ubudandaji muri iki gihe.
- Ivyo bipande vy’amabuye y’agaciro bita graphite bigabanywamwo ibice bitatu hakurikijwe uburyo bikoreshwa:
Ivyuma vy’ibara ry’agahama vy’ibara ry’agahama - bikozwe mu gipande c’ibara ry’agahama ry’ibara ry’agahama biciye mu nzira z’ugusesa zitagira agasembwa, bifise ubushobozi bwiza cane ariko bifise agaciro kanini kandi bifise urugendo rurerure rwo gutunganya;
Igipande c’ibara ry’agahama cagutse - gikozwe mu gutera ikidodo igipande c’ibara ry’agahama gishobora guhinduka, gifise igiciro gito ariko gifise inkomezi z’ubuhinga zigoyagoya;
Igipande c’ibipande bibiri - ifu ya graphite+resine ivanze, guhuza igiciro n’ubushobozi, ni yo nzira ikoreshwa cane ubu.
- Igihe inganda zikoresha inguvu z’iyidrojeni zatangura, isoko ry’amasahani y’ibice bibiri vy’ibara ry’agahama ryitezwe gukura kuva ku ma yuan nka miliyari 5 mu 2025 gushika ku ma yuan arenga miliyari 30 mu 2030, n’iterambere ry’umwaka ry’ibice birenga 40%. Iyi ni inzira y’iterambere ryinshi ata gukeka.
